Ice formation in clouds - small-scale uncertainties and their relevance for large scales

Significant progress has been made in the last years in the quantification, understanding and parameterization of primary ice formation. Nevertheless, its role in different cloud regimes is still unclear, in particular compared to secondary ice formation. I will briefly review the current state of research on heterogeneous ice nucleation from laboratory experiments and high resolution modelling; and will provide links to cloud dynamics, large-­‐scale dynamics and radiative budgets