Übertragbare Methoden zur Bestimmung und räumlichen Verortung des Wärmebedarfs von Wohngebäuden in Städten

Modellers of urban energy systems are often faced with the challenge of missing data. This article therefore presents two approaches that can be used to calculate the heat demand of a city's residential building stock: A top-down method for estimating the overall final urban energy demand and a bottom-up method for detailed simulation of the heat demand of residential buildings. The application of both methods to several cities demonstrates their transferability and allows a comparison of both approaches as well as an assessment of their accuracy. A more detailed analysis of the results of the bottom-up method demonstrates the temporal and spatial resolution and the suitability of the method for energy system modelling.