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De productie en moleculaire verschijningsvorm van radiotoxisch Po-210 in kernfusie- en splijtingsreactoren = The Production and Molecular Occurrence of Radiotoxic Po-210 in Nuclear Fusion and Fission Reactors

Mertens, Merlijn

Abstract:

In order to counter the climate change, there is a need for a radical revolution in the global energy supply. One of the most realistic scenarios is a substantial shift towards renewable energy sources, supported by a flexible baseload from carbon-free nuclear energy. The main requirements for this new generation of nuclear reactors are intrinsic safety, high fuel efficiency and a minimum amount of (long-lived) radioactive waste. A promising candidate for the near future is the lead (alloy) cooled fast fission reactor. An ideal long-term solution are nuclear fusion reactors, which produce only a small amount of short-lived radioactive waste. A problem that occurs in both these reactor types is the undesired production of the highly radiotoxic polonium-210 isotope. In this PhD thesis, the total production of this isotope in a nuclear fusion reactor is determined using neutron transport and inventory calculations. Next, quantum chemical calculations are performed to predict the molecular form in which Po-210 will occur in both discussed reactor types. Combining both aspects allows to estimate the risk associated with the presence of Po-210 in a nuclear reactor and can help to design efficient Po-210 extraction systems.


Volltext §
DOI: 10.5445/IR/1000100166
Cover der Publikation
Zugehörige Institution(en) am KIT Institut für Neutronenphysik und Reaktortechnik (INR)
Publikationstyp Hochschulschrift
Publikationsjahr 2019
Sprache Englisch
Identifikator ISBN: 978-94-6355-302-5
KITopen-ID: 1000100166
HGF-Programm 31.03.08 (POF III, LK 01) Neutronik
Verlag University Press
Umfang 282 S.
Art der Arbeit Dissertation
Fakultät Fakultät für Maschinenbau (MACH)
Institut Institut für Neutronenphysik und Reaktortechnik (INR)
Prüfungsdatum 08.11.2019
Bemerkung zur Veröffentlichung Zugl.: Ghent University, Department of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Constructions and Systems, Diss.
Schlagwörter polonium, nuclear, radioactive, radiotoxic, safety, neutron transport, inventory, ab initio, quantum chemistry, DEMO, MYRRHA, MCNP, FISPACT-II, Pb-Li, LBE
Referent/Betreuer Cottenier, S.
Noterdaeme, J.-M.
Stieglitz, R.
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