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Integrated constraints on explosive eruption intensification at Santiaguito dome complex, Guatemala

Wallace, Paul A.; Lamb, Oliver D.; De Angelis, Silvio; Kendrick, Jackie E.; Hornby, Adrian J.; Díaz-Moreno, Alejandro; González, Pablo J.; Aulock, Felix W. von; Lamur, Anthony; Utley, James E. P.; Rietbrock, Andreas ORCID iD icon 1; Chigna, Gustavo; Lavallée, Yan
1 Geophysikalisches Institut (GPI), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

Abstract:

Protracted volcanic eruptions may exhibit unanticipated intensifications in explosive behaviour and attendant hazards. Santiaguito dome complex, Guatemala, has been characterised by century-long effusion interspersed with frequent, small-to-moderate (<2 km high plumes) gas-and-ash explosions. During 2015–2016, explosions intensified generating hazardous ash-rich plumes (up to 7 km high) and pyroclastic flows. Here, we integrate petrological, geochemical and geophysical evidence to evaluate the causes of explosion intensification. Seismic and infrasound signals reveal progressively longer repose intervals between explosions and deeper fragmentation levels as the seismic energy of these events increased by up to four orders of magnitude. Evidence from geothermobarometry, bulk geochemistry and groundmass microlite textures reveal that the onset of large explosions was concordant with a relatively fast ascent of a deeper-sourced (∼17–24 km), higher temperature (∼960–1020◦C) and relatively volatile-rich magma compared to the previous erupted lavas, which stalled at ∼2 km depth and mingled with the left-over mush that resided beneath the pre-2015 lava dome. ... mehr


Verlagsausgabe §
DOI: 10.5445/IR/1000118139
Veröffentlicht am 08.04.2020
Originalveröffentlichung
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116139
Scopus
Zitationen: 14
Web of Science
Zitationen: 13
Dimensions
Zitationen: 14
Cover der Publikation
Zugehörige Institution(en) am KIT Geophysikalisches Institut (GPI)
KIT-Zentrum Klima und Umwelt (ZKU)
Publikationstyp Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Publikationsdatum 15.04.2020
Sprache Englisch
Identifikator ISSN: 0012-821X
KITopen-ID: 1000118139
Erschienen in Earth and planetary science letters
Verlag Elsevier
Band 536
Seiten Art. Nr.: 116139
Schlagwörter effusive-explosive transitions, microlites, magma ascent, volcanic ash, Santiaguito, seismicity
Nachgewiesen in Dimensions
Web of Science
Scopus
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