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Inorganic fluorescent marker materials for identification of post-consumer plastic packaging

Woidasky, Jörg; Sander, Immo; Schau, Alexander; Moesslein, Jochen; Wendler, Pascal; Wacker, Dirk; Gao, Guojun; Kirchenbauer, Daniel; Kumar, Vinay 1; Busko, Dmitry 1; Howard, Ian A. 1; Richards, Bryce S. ORCID iD icon 1; Turshatov, Andrey 1; Wiethoff, Stefan; Lang-Koetz, Claus
1 Institut für Mikrostrukturtechnik (IMT), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

Abstract:

Current plastic packaging waste management practices in Europe, but also in other countries require improvement due to legal and societal requirements. To meet high recycling rates, significant changes among others in post-consumer packaging waste sorting become necessary. This waste stream is dominated by plastic packaging. Inorganic fluorescent tracer materials (oxide crystals doped with ytterbium Yb$^{3+}$ sensitizer ions and either erbium (Er$^{3+}$), holmium (Ho$^{3+}$) or thulium (Tm$^{3+}$) activator ions) enable a sorting criterion which is independent of the properties of the packaging materials. The authors propose to use up-conversion fluorescence as a unique mean for polymer marking and product identification. To this end, PE-HD film samples, with 10, 100 and 1000 ppm of marker concentration in different polymer matrix colours (semi-transparent, yellow, green, and black) were irradiated with 980 nm diode laser radiation, with an excitation intensity up to 10 W/cm$^{2}$. The performance of three different marker types with their maximum emission in green, red, and NIR was measured and assessed both with and without polymer matrix. ... mehr


Verlagsausgabe §
DOI: 10.5445/IR/1000122806
Veröffentlicht am 18.08.2020
Originalveröffentlichung
DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104976
Scopus
Zitationen: 55
Web of Science
Zitationen: 47
Dimensions
Zitationen: 55
Cover der Publikation
Zugehörige Institution(en) am KIT Institut für Mikrostrukturtechnik (IMT)
Publikationstyp Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Publikationsmonat/-jahr 10.2020
Sprache Englisch
Identifikator ISSN: 0921-3449
KITopen-ID: 1000122806
HGF-Programm 43.23.04 (POF III, LK 01) Nanophotonics for Energy Conversion
Erschienen in Resources, conservation and recycling
Verlag Elsevier
Band 161
Seiten Article no: 104976
Schlagwörter Post-consumer plastic packaging, Sorting, fluorescent markers, Up-conversion, Recycling
Nachgewiesen in Dimensions
Web of Science
Scopus
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