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Fate of Nitrogen, Phosphate, and Potassium during Hydrothermal Carbonization and the Potential for Nutrient Recovery

Alhnidi, Muhammad-Jamal; Wüst, Dominik; Funke, Axel; Hang, Liu; Kruse, Andrea

Abstract:

In this study, the fate of carbon and nutrient elements, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, was investigated during the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of three model solutions with different nutrient concentrations to mimic biogas residues from silage and cattle manure. The HTC was conducted at 180 °C, 220 °C, 240 °C, and 260 °C for 3 h reaction time. ICP-OES, GC, IC, and chemical analysis methods were utilized to measure fertilizing elements in HTC products. The distribution of nutrients between HTC product phases was significantly influenced by the compositions of the initial feedstock before HTC. The incorporation of nitrogen to the hydrochar (HC) depends on the nitrogen-containing compounds during HTC; the chemical bonding was the main mechanism for the incorporation of NH4–N into the HC during HTC, the sorption of NH4–N to the HC occurred, however, to a lesser extent (0.8% to 7.4%). Most of the NO3–N stayed in the process water (PW) during HTC (78% to 87%), and the sorption (adsorption/salts precipitation) was confirmed to be the main mechanism for the recovery of NO3–N to the HC during HTC. The uptake of N to the HC is limited and depends on the availability of the carbon network in the HC, the correlation coefficient between HC formation and the recovery of bonded N to the HC showed a high linear regression coefficient R2 = 0.90–0.91. ... mehr


Originalveröffentlichung
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c04229
Dimensions
Zitationen: 27
Zugehörige Institution(en) am KIT Institut für Katalyseforschung und -technologie (IKFT)
Publikationstyp Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Publikationsmonat/-jahr 10.2020
Sprache Englisch
Identifikator ISSN: 2168-0485, 2168-0485
KITopen-ID: 1000125194
HGF-Programm 35.13.02 (POF III, LK 01) Konversion
Erschienen in ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering
Verlag American Chemical Society (ACS)
Band 8
Heft 41
Seiten 15507–15516
Vorab online veröffentlicht am 18.09.2020
Schlagwörter Hydrothermal Carbonization Nutrient recovery Hydrochar Nitrogen Phosphate Bioeconomy
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