The fracture toughness of martensite islands in dual-phase DP800 steel

In situ microcantilever bending tests were performed on martensite islands in a dual-phase (DP) steel to extract the fracture toughness of martensite at the microscale and to understand damage initiation during forming of DP steels. All microcantilevers were produced through FIB milling. The martensite islands do not exhibit linear elastic brittle fracture; instead, significant ductile tearing is observed. The conditional fracture initiation toughness extracted by definition and by Pippan’s transfer criterion is K$_{i}$ = 6.5 ± 0.4 MPa m$^{1/2}$ and K$_{i,2%}$ = 10.1 ± 0.3 MPa m$^{1/2}$, respectively. The obtained value is well-represented by the strength-toughness trend of other ferritic steel grades. Considering the yield stress of the same martensite island, we found that crack initiation can occur only in very large martensite islands or in a banded or agglomerated martensite structure.