Search for the rare decay of the W boson into a pion and a photon in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

A search is performed for the rare decay W±→π±γ in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV. Data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$were collected during 2016 to 2018 with the CMS detector. This analysis exploits a novel search strategy based on W boson production in top quark pair events. An inclusive search for the W±→π±γ decay is not optimal at the LHC because of the high trigger thresholds. Instead, a trigger selection is exploited in which the W boson originating from one of the top quarks is used to tag the event in a leptonic decay. The W boson emerging from the other top quark is used to search for the W±→π±γ signature. Such decays are characterized by an isolated track pointing to a large energy deposit, and by an isolated photon of large transverse momentum. The presence of bquark jets reduces the background from the hadronization of light-flavor quarks and gluons. The W±→π±γ decay is not observed. An upper exclusion limit is set to this branching fraction, corresponding to 1.50 ×10$^{-5}$ at 95% confidence level, whereas the expected upper exclusion limit is 0.85$\frac{+0.52}{-0.29}$ × 10$^{-5}$.