Theoretical investigation of the side-chain mechanism of the MTO process over H-SSZ-13 using DFT and calculations

The side-chain mechanism of the methanol-to-olefins process over the H-SSZ-13 acidic zeolite was investigated using periodic density functional theory with corrections from highly accurate ab intio calculations on large cluster models. Hexa-, penta- and tetramethylbenzene are studied as co-catalysts for the production of ethene and propene. The highest barrier, both of ethene and propene formation, is found for the methylation of the side-chain towards the formation of an ethyl or isopropyl group. All other barriers are found to be substantially lower. This leads to a clear selectivity for ethene since the elimination of ethene with a rather low barrier competes with methylation towards propene which requires a barrier that is more than 100 kJ mol$^{-1}$ higher.