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Top-Down Approach to Study Chemical and Electronic Properties of Perovskite Solar Cells: Sputtered Depth Profiling Versus Tapered Cross-Sectional Photoelectron Spectroscopies

Das, Chittaranjan 1; Zia, Waqas; Mortan, Claudiu; Hussain, Navid ORCID iD icon 2; Saliba, Michael; Ingo Flege, Jan; Kot, Małgorzata
1 Institut für Angewandte Materialien – Energiespeichersysteme (IAM-ESS), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
2 Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

Abstract:

A study of the chemical and electronic properties of various layers across perovskite solar cell (PSC) stacks is challenging. Depth-profiling photoemission spectroscopy can be used to study the surface, interface, and bulk properties of different layers in PSCs, which influence the overall performance of these devices. Herein, sputter depth profiling (SDP) and tapered cross-sectional (TCS) photoelectron spectroscopies (PESs) are used to study highly efficient mixed halide PSCs. It is found that the most used SDP-PES technique degrades the organic and deforms the inorganic materials during sputtering of the PSCs while the TCS-PES method is less destructive and can determine the chemical and electronic properties of all layers precisely. The SDP-PES dissociates the chemical bonding in the spiro-MeOTAD and perovskite layer and reduces the TiO$_{2}$, which causes the chemical analysis to be unreliable. The TCS-PES revealed a band bending only at the spiro-MeOTAD/perovskite interface of about 0.7 eV. Both the TCS and SDP-PES show that the perovskite layer is inhomogeneous and has a higher amount of bromine at the perovskite/TiO$_{2}$ interface.


Verlagsausgabe §
DOI: 10.5445/IR/1000137092
Veröffentlicht am 13.09.2021
Originalveröffentlichung
DOI: 10.1002/solr.202100298
Scopus
Zitationen: 6
Web of Science
Zitationen: 6
Dimensions
Zitationen: 6
Cover der Publikation
Zugehörige Institution(en) am KIT Institut für Angewandte Materialien – Energiespeichersysteme (IAM-ESS)
Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT)
Publikationstyp Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Publikationsmonat/-jahr 10.2021
Sprache Englisch
Identifikator ISSN: 2367-198X
KITopen-ID: 1000137092
HGF-Programm 43.32.01 (POF IV, LK 01) Molecular Materials Basis for Optics & Photonics
Erschienen in Solar RRL
Verlag John Wiley and Sons
Band 5
Heft 10
Seiten Art. Nr.: 2100298
Vorab online veröffentlicht am 04.08.2021
Nachgewiesen in Scopus
Dimensions
Web of Science
Globale Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung Ziel 7 – Bezahlbare und saubere Energie
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