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On the muon scale of air showers and its application to the AGASA data

Gesualdi, Flavia ORCID iD icon 1; Dembinski, Hans; Shinozaki, Kenji; Supanitsky, Daniel A.; Pierog, Tanguy ORCID iD icon 1; Cazon, Lorenzo; Soldin, Dennis; Conceição, Rúben
1 Institut für Astroteilchenphysik (IAP), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

Abstract:

Recently, several experiments reported a muon deficit in air shower simulations with respect to the data. This problem can be studied using an estimator that quantifies the relative muon content of the data with respect to those of proton and iron Monte Carlo air shower simulations. We analyze two estimators. The first one, based on the logarithm of the mean of the muon content, is built from experimental considerations. It is ideal for comparing results from different experiments as it is independent of the detector resolution. The second estimator is based on the mean of the logarithm of the muon content, which implies that it depends on shower-to-shower fluctuations. It is linked to the mean-logarithmic mass $⟨ln A⟩$ through the Heitler-Matthews model. We study the properties of the estimators and their biases considering the knowns and unknowns of typical experiments.
Furthermore, we study these effects in measurements of the muon density at 1000 m from the shower axis obtained by the Akeno Giant Air Shower Array (AGASA). Finally, we report the estimates of the relative muon content of the AGASA data, which support a muon deficit in simulations. ... mehr


Verlagsausgabe §
DOI: 10.5445/IR/1000138553
Veröffentlicht am 07.10.2021
Originalveröffentlichung
DOI: 10.22323/1.395.0473
Dimensions
Zitationen: 2
Cover der Publikation
Zugehörige Institution(en) am KIT Institut für Astroteilchenphysik (IAP)
Publikationstyp Proceedingsbeitrag
Publikationsdatum 18.03.2022
Sprache Englisch
Identifikator ISSN: 1824-8039
KITopen-ID: 1000138553
HGF-Programm 51.13.03 (POF IV, LK 01) Kosmische Strahlung Auger
Erschienen in Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021) : Berlin, Germany, 12-23 July 2021
Veranstaltung 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Online, 12.07.2021 – 23.07.2021
Verlag Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Seiten Art.-Nr.: 473
Serie Proceedings of Science / International School for Advanced Studies ; 395
Vorab online veröffentlicht am 05.07.2021
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