Stretchable inkjet-printed electronics on mechanically compliant island-bridge architectures covalently bonded to elastomeric substrates

Herein, we present an approach that allows versatile combination of inkjet-printed electronics and stretchable substrates. For this, we created a hybrid platform made out of stretchable Ecoflex covalently bonded via silane monolayers to flexible polyethylene terephthalate islands interconnected by bridges. The islands served as platforms where conductive lines, capacitive sensors and electrochromic devices (ECDs) were fabricated by inkjet printing. The robustness of the approach is highlighted by the minor influence of strain on the conductivity of printed Ag electrodes, which changed the resistance only by 1.3% at an applied strain of 50%. Furthermore, we demonstrated capacitor sensors capable of responding to strain changing their capacitance from 0.2 to 1.6 pF. To further show the applicability of the approach for multilayer/multimaterial optoelectronic elements, we processed ECDs capable of displaying information on the stretchable platform. Thus, we demonstrate how this digital and additive concept can be applied for the scalable integration of printed optoelectronic devices onto stretchable systems without relying on lithographic processes.