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Sequential Extraction and Characterization of Nitrogen Compounds after Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Sewage Sludge

Zimmermann, Joscha 1; Chiaberge, Stefano; Iversen, Steen B.; Raffelt, Klaus 1; Dahmen, Nicolaus 1
1 Institut für Katalyseforschung und -technologie (IKFT), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

Abstract:

Organic solid wastes such as sewage sludge are potential feedstocks for the production of drop-in biofuels. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a process that converts the wet sewage sludge into an organic biocrude. To fulfill industrial fuel standards, the considerable heteroatom content of the biocrude needs to be lowered by downstream processes. Nitrogen (N) contained in several compounds poses a challenge and yet, the complex chemical composition of HTL-biocrude samples has hindered detailed analysis and understanding. In particular, N-containing aromatic substances appear very persistent in biocrude. In the present work, two alkaline (NaHCO$_{3}$ and NaOH) and one acidic (HCL) aqueous solutions were subsequently applied to extract and recover polar N-containing compounds from the biocrude matrix with an N-content of 3.8 wt %. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in positive mode, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry were applied for their characterization and results show that a large share of N-compounds with an aromatic, pyridinic structure was found in the acidic extracted fraction with an N-content of 9.5 wt %. ... mehr


Verlagsausgabe §
DOI: 10.5445/IR/1000153700
Veröffentlicht am 11.12.2022
Originalveröffentlichung
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c02622
Scopus
Zitationen: 5
Web of Science
Zitationen: 4
Dimensions
Zitationen: 6
Cover der Publikation
Zugehörige Institution(en) am KIT Institut für Katalyseforschung und -technologie (IKFT)
Publikationstyp Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Publikationsdatum 01.12.2022
Sprache Englisch
Identifikator ISSN: 0887-0624, 1520-5029
KITopen-ID: 1000153700
HGF-Programm 38.05.01 (POF IV, LK 01) Anthropogenic Carbon Cycle
Erschienen in Energy & Fuels
Verlag American Chemical Society (ACS)
Band 36
Heft 23
Seiten 14292–14303
Vorab online veröffentlicht am 16.11.2022
Nachgewiesen in Web of Science
Scopus
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