Validation of OMPS Suomi NPP and OMPS NOAA‐20 Formaldehyde Total Columns With NDACC FTIR Observations

We validate formaldehyde (HCHO) vertical column densities (VCDs) from Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite Nadir Mapper (OMPS-NM) instruments onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite for 2012–2020 and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-20 (NOAA-20) satellite for 2018–2020, hereafter referred to as OMPS-NPP and OMPS-N20, with ground-based Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) observations of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). OMPS-NPP/N20 HCHO products reproduce seasonal variability at 24 FTIR sites. Monthly variability of OMPS-NPP/N20 has a very good agreement with FTIR, showing correlation coefficients of 0.83 and 0.88, respectively. OMPS-NPP (N20) biases averaged over all sites are −0.9 (4) ± 3 (6)%. However, at clean sites (with VCDs < 4.0 × 10$^{15}$ molecules cm−2), positive biases of 20 (32) ± 6 (18)% occur for OMPS-NPP (N20). At sites with HCHO VCDs > 4.0 × 10$^{15}$ molecules cm$^{−2}$, negative biases of −15% ± 4% appear for OMPS-NPP, but OMPS-N20 shows smaller bias of 0.5% ± 6% due to its smaller ground pixel footprints. Therefore, smaller satellite footprint sizes are important in distinguishing small-scale plumes. ... mehrIn addition, we discuss a bias correction and provide lower limit for the monthly uncertainty of OMPS-NPP/N20 HCHO products. The total uncertainty for OMPS-NPP (N20) at clean sites is 0.7 (0.8) × 10$^{15}$ molecules cm$^{−2}$, corresponding to a relative uncertainty of 32 (30)%. In the case of HCHO VCDs > 4.0 × 10$^{15}$ molecules cm$^{−2}$, however, the relative uncertainty in HCHO VCDs for OMPS-NPP (N20) decreases to 31 (18)%.