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Universal and efficient extraction of lithium for lithium-ion battery recycling using mechanochemistry

Dolotko, Oleksandr 1; Gehrke, Niclas 1; Malliaridou, Triantafillia 1; Sieweck, Raphael 1; Herrmann, Laura 1; Hunzinger, Bettina 1; Knapp, Michael ORCID iD icon 1; Ehrenberg, Helmut 1
1 Institut für Angewandte Materialien – Energiespeichersysteme (IAM-ESS), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

Abstract:

The increasing lithium-ion battery production calls for profitable and ecologically benign technologies for their recycling. Unfortunately, all used recycling technologies are always associated with large energy consumption and utilization of corrosive reagents, which creates a risk to the environment. Herein we report a highly efficient mechanochemically induced acid-free process for recycling Li from cathode materials of different chemistries such as LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, Li(CoNiMn)O2, and LiFePO4. The introduced technology uses Al as a reducing agent in the mechanochemical reaction. Two different processes have been developed to regenerate lithium and transform it into pure Li2CO3. The mechanisms of mechanochemical transformation, aqueous leaching, and lithium purification were investigated. The presented technology achieves a recovery rate for Li of up to 70% without applying any corrosive leachates or utilizing high temperatures. The key innovation is that the regeneration of lithium was successfully performed for all relevant cathode chemistries, including their mixture.


Verlagsausgabe §
DOI: 10.5445/IR/1000159673
Veröffentlicht am 22.06.2023
Originalveröffentlichung
DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00844-2
Scopus
Zitationen: 14
Web of Science
Zitationen: 11
Dimensions
Zitationen: 16
Cover der Publikation
Zugehörige Institution(en) am KIT Institut für Angewandte Materialien – Energiespeichersysteme (IAM-ESS)
Publikationstyp Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Publikationsjahr 2023
Sprache Englisch
Identifikator ISSN: 2399-3669
KITopen-ID: 1000159673
HGF-Programm 38.02.03 (POF IV, LK 01) Batteries in Application
Erschienen in Communications Chemistry
Verlag Nature Research
Band 6
Heft 1
Seiten Art.-Nr.: 49
Bemerkung zur Veröffentlichung Gefördert durch den KIT-Publikationsfonds
Vorab online veröffentlicht am 28.03.2023
Nachgewiesen in Scopus
Dimensions
Web of Science
Globale Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung Ziel 7 – Bezahlbare und saubere EnergieZiel 12 – Nachhaltiger Konsum und Produktion
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