System Level Modeling of Electrolyzers for Digital Real-Time Applications

With the increasing share of renewable energies in electric power grids, the need for energy storage systems grows. Electrolysis plants provide a promising technology as energy storage for power-to-gas applications, as well as frequency control and ancillary services to the power grid.
In order to study the electrolyzers' performance and their integration into the grid, real-time modeling of whole electrolysis systems plays an important role. This paper analyses the literature already available on modeling and simulation of electrolysis cells and systems. Based on the findings in previous research, an advanced dynamic modeling approach for static and dynamic modeling of electrolysis processes is proposed. During the analysis, the interactions between the electrical, physical and chemical dimension of electrolysis modeling are explicitly stressed to compose a multidimensional model on system level.