Systematic User Evaluation of a Second Device based cast-as-intended verifiability Approach

End-to-end verifiable e-voting schemes enhance the verifiability of individual votes during the election process. Specifically, methods for cast-as-intended verifiability empower voters to confirm that their cast votes have not been manipulated by the voting client. There are mainly three approaches to implement cast-as-intended verifiability in remote e-voting systems: (1) return-code based, (2) challenge-based and (3) second-device-approach. To investigate the usability, perceived trustworthiness and manipulation effectiveness for the second-device-approach, we conducted a user study with 133 participants. The results are similar to those from related work investigating the other two approaches.