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Influence of Vertical Load, Inflation Pressure, and Driving Speed on the Emission of Tire–Road Particulate Matter and Its Size Distribution

Schläfle, Stefan ORCID iD icon 1; Zhang, Meng ORCID iD icon 1; Unrau, Hans-Joachim ORCID iD icon 1; Gauterin, Frank ORCID iD icon 1
1 Institut für Fahrzeugsystemtechnik (FAST), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

Abstract:

As fleet electrification progresses, vehicles are continuously becoming heavier, while the used electric motors, with their high torques, enable longitudinal dynamics to be maintained or even increased. This raises the question of what effect electric vehicles have on the emission of tire–road particulate matter (PM). To answer this question, investigations were carried out in this study on a tire internal drum test bench with real road surfaces. In addition to the vertical load, the tire inflation pressure and the driving speed were varied. PM emissions were recorded in real time, resulting in emission factors (emission per kilometer driven) for different load conditions. This allows statements to be made about both the effect on the total emission and on the particle size distribution. It was shown that the PM emission increases linearly with the vertical load at constant longitudinal dynamics. If the tire inflation pressure is increased, the emission also increases linearly, and the increases in emission are equally large for both influences. A clear influence of the driving speed on the emission factor could not be determined. With regard to the particle size distribution, the following correlations were found: higher vertical load and higher tire inflation pressure result in a larger mean particle diameter, while a higher driving speed reduces it. ... mehr


Verlagsausgabe §
DOI: 10.5445/IR/1000170293
Veröffentlicht am 26.04.2024
Cover der Publikation
Zugehörige Institution(en) am KIT Institut für Fahrzeugsystemtechnik (FAST)
Publikationstyp Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Publikationsdatum 19.04.2024
Sprache Englisch
Identifikator ISSN: 2073-4433
KITopen-ID: 1000170293
Erschienen in Atmosphere
Verlag MDPI
Band 15
Heft 4
Seiten Article no: 502
Bemerkung zur Veröffentlichung Gefördert durch den KIT-Publikationsfonds
Schlagwörter PM10; tire wear; TRWP; non-exhaust emissions; road simulator; emission factor
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