Privacy Protection in Collaborative Geographically Distributed Co-Simulation of Multimodal Energy Systems

Considering the complexity of the design and operation of de-
centralized energy systems, for which cooperation of experts in
different fields is required, and the need for cooperation regardless
of the used technology for multi-physics modeling, the necessity
of distributed co-simulation emerges. In the context of real-time
geographical co-simulation across the globe, various challenges
arise, including communication issues and data privacy concerns.
This paper introduces a novel collaboration method for globally
distributed, real-time co-simulation with increased model privacy
that does not require any further simulation model exchange be-
tween the participants. With the introduced modularization and
the simplified local setup process for the client software, any Func-
tional Mock-up Unit (FMU), e.g. from a physical model, can be
locally integrated into the real-time geographical co-simulation.
The simplicity of using the proposed co-simulation framework is
demonstrated by involving non-experts into the experiments. To
test the efficiency and applicability of the new collaboration ap-
proach, the proposed method is investigated under the aspects of
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performance, stability and result accuracy. Study cases are carried
out under real conditions, with a distributed setup spread across
Europe and a long-distance test spanning 14 world time zones. The
outcomes reveal a high level of accuracy of co-simulation results un-
der diverse operational scenarios, all while prioritizing data privacy
and adhering to standard interfaces.