Dot-by-dot printing of capacitors by LIFT

Capacitors play a crucial role in modern electronics as they are widely employed for energy storage, signal processing, radiofrequency tuning and matching, and signal filtering. This paper presents a novel approach to chip-scale capacitor fabrication utilizing the laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) technique, a versatile 3D printing method that offers a flexible and cost-effective alternative to conventional manufacturing processes. Plate capacitors were fabricated through dot-by-dot printing of titanium di-oxide and silver paste layers, and their performance evaluated. Optimal dot circularity at a diameter of 130 μm were achieved with printing parameters of 120 mW for 4 ms, with no noticeable surface defects. Using smaller dots enabled higher resolution, but this compromised the quality of the printed surface. The fabricated capacitors demonstrated a mean capacity of 40.1 pF ± 2.2 pF at 100 MHz, making them suitable also for high frequency applications. The resistivity of the printed silver tracks was 1.25 × 10−7 Ω m, measured over 16 structures, and closely matched the manufacturer’s specifications for the silver ink. The achieved resolution from the dot-by-dot method used in this paper provided greater flexibility in transfer in comparison to previously reported results using a square-shaped transfer
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