Pixels and people: Exploring the dynamics of engagement and disengagement in Minecraft's multiplayer realm

Engagement is often viewed as the holy grail of digital experiences, particularly video games, while disen-
gagement is seen as a consequence of poor design. This study attempts to flip the script, exploring disengagement
as a natural part of the user journey rather than a failure of game design. Focusing on the popular open-world
game Minecraft, the research investigates dynamics triggering engagement and disengagement in the multi-
player mode through the lenses of established frameworks like the Process Model of Engagement as well as the
Mechanics, Dynamics, and Aesthetics model. Semi-structured focus-group interviews conducted with 15 par-
ticipants analyzed using Mayring’s content analysis revealed social connections, novelty, progression, goal-
driven gameplay, and adrenaline-fueled combat as key drivers that keep players hooked. Yet, the very act of
achieving goals, absence of friends, overplay, setbacks, skill gaps, negative interactions, and the demands of the
real world can trigger a powerful urge to disengage. Far from a design flaw, this research expands the body of
literature suggesting that disengagement is a vital component of user autonomy. ... mehrBy redefining success beyond
mere engagement metrics, the study paves the way for responsible gaming practices that empower players to
make informed choices about their level of involvement. It beckons us to embrace a holistic vision of genuinely
sustainable, ethical, and meaningful digital experiences that respect user autonomy and cultivate healthy
engagement patterns.