3-Dimensional Direct Flux Sensing Applying the Integrated Sensor Array (ISA) in Automotive Traction Applications

This paper introduces a direct flux sensing technique that can be used for stator flux linkage observation and state-of-the-art control techniques such as Deadbeat Flux Vector Control (DBFC), especially for the low-speed region. Two Integrated Sensor Arrays (ISA), consisting of six 3D high-resolution flux sensors each, are placed at the tip of the stator lamination teeth between the end windings of an Electrically Excited Synchronous Motor (EESM). With the 3D sensors, stray flux density is sampled simultaneously in the tangential, axial, and radial directions at each sensor location. The aim of the present work is to analyze the measurements in the different directions and to provide valuable insight into their properties. Moreover, a simple methodology to estimate the stator flux linkage based on flux density measurements is proposed. Experimental tests demonstrate that different axis selections and sensor arrangements influence the signal-tonoise ratio and magnitude of the measured flux density.