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Do you speak LCA? FAULDIER: A framework for large language model assisted Life Cycle Inventories in Life Cycle Assessment

Lazar, Lukas ORCID iD icon 1
1 Institut für Technikfolgenabschätzung und Systemanalyse (ITAS), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

Abstract:

Advances in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) toward greater automation and methodological integration have intensified challenges in standardizing heterogeneous raw Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data, which rarely aligns with LCI database nomenclature. Rule-based mapping approaches struggle with linguistic variations, typographical errors, unit inconsistencies, and location granularity mismatches. Furthermore, they fail to adapt automatically when data or terminology change. FAULDIER (Framework for lArge langUage modeL assisteD lIfe cyclE inventoRy) is proposed as a framework to bridge heterogeneities between raw LCI data and LCI database requirements. It aims to automate data transformation by resolving naming inconsistencies, classifying flow types, and harmonizing locations and units. By using LLMs, FAULDIER supports handling multilingual inputs, correcting typographical errors, resolving location granularity mismatches, and choosing proxies for missing processes. In a test scenario using the open LCI database FORWAST and a use case characterized by non-standardized multilingual entries, unit inconsistencies, and typographical errors, FAULDIER achieved approximately 57% process and elementary flow mapping accuracy (single-expert validated), with unit conversion error rates below 1%. ... mehr


Verlagsausgabe §
DOI: 10.5445/IR/1000191480
Veröffentlicht am 18.03.2026
Originalveröffentlichung
DOI: 10.1016/j.softx.2026.102602
Cover der Publikation
Zugehörige Institution(en) am KIT Institut für Technikfolgenabschätzung und Systemanalyse (ITAS)
Publikationstyp Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Publikationsmonat/-jahr 06.2026
Sprache Englisch
Identifikator ISSN: 2352-7110
KITopen-ID: 1000191480
Erschienen in SoftwareX
Verlag Elsevier
Band 34
Seiten 102602
Nachgewiesen in OpenAlex
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