$\mathbf {J}$-$\mathbf {A}$-$\phi$ Formulation With Homogenizing Technique Used to Efficiently Model HTS Cable-in-Conduit Conductors

This work presents an efficient computational framework based on the J-A-ϕ formulation for the numerical modeling of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cable-in-conduit conductors (CICCs). The formulation separates the magnetic vector and scalar potentials across conducting and non-conducting domains, significantly reducing computational cost without compromising accuracy. Three cable geometries configurations with varying levels of complexity and tape width reduction were analyzed under magnetization cycles to compute AC losses and evaluate computational performance. Two modeling strategies—thin strip and homogenized—were implemented using the J-A-ϕ formulation and validated against a full T-A formulation taken as reference. Results show excellent agreement between formulations, with relative error coefficients R2 exceeding 0.99in all cases, and computation time reductions reaching up to 57%. The critical current anisotropy of the HTS tapes was accurately captured using an empirical angular-dependent Ic(B,θ) model. The proposed methodology demonstrates high potential for accelerating the simulation of large-scale superconducting cable systems, especially in applications involving fusion magnets and high-field devices.