Electrolyte Engineering in Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries: From Solvation Chemistry to Interface Stabilization

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are widely regarded as promising next-generation energy storage systems due to the low cost, inherent safety, and environmental compatibility, However, the practical application of AZIBs is still hindered by uncontrolled zinc dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution reactions, electrode corrosion, cathode dissolution, and poor adaptability under extreme temperatures. These challenges are closely related to the strong solvation structure of Zn2+ and the high activity of water molecules in aqueous environments. Therefore, electrolyte engineering has emerged as a key strategy to regulate ion transport, stabilize electrode|electrolyte interfaces, and improve overall battery performance. This review provides a systematic overview of recent advances in electrolyte design for AZIBs. First, the working principles of AZIBs and the key electrolyte-related challenges are discussed. Subsequently, recent advances in electrolyte regulation strategies are comprehensively reviewed, including solvent engineering, electrolyte salt optimization, functional electrolyte additives, and composite electrolyte design. Finally, the critical challenges and future research directions are discussed from the perspectives of electrolyte composition design, advanced characterization techniques, and mechanistic understanding. ... mehrThis review aims to provide fundamental insights and design guidelines for developing high-performance electrolytes and promoting the practical application of AZIBs technologies in large-scale energy storage systems.