Psychometric properties of a questionnaire for the measurement of self-concept of motor abilities across adolescents and young adults

Motor abilities are central to adolescents’ physical and psychological development, yet existing self-concept measures often lack full dimensional coverage and robust psychometrics. This study developed and validated a concise, theory-based instrument assessing five core motor abilities: endurance, strength, speed, coordination, and flexibility. Data from 5,353 adolescents and young adults across two independent waves of the MoMo Study were used for item selection, construct validation, and measurement invariance testing, with a school-based sample (N = 237) providing test – retest reliability data. The 15-item scale demonstrated a clear five-factor structure, high internal consistency (α = 0.82–0.88), good test – retest reliability (r = 0.78–0.86), and invariance across age and gender. Criterion validity was supported through positive associations with objective motor performance and physical activity in both structured and unstructured sports contexts. This brief, reliable tool facilitates efficient assessment of motor ability self-concept in research, educational, and health-promotion settings.