OmniSphinx: Active Mix Networks

Mix networks are an important tool to implement anonymous communication, which protects not just the content but also the metadata of messages. Over time, various packet formats for mix networks have been proposed, usually with single, specific goals in mind. These formats are incompatible with each other, requiring separate software and infrastructure to be set up. In this paper, we propose a new format, OmniSphinx, which solves this issue. In OmniSphinx, senders embed code in their packets that determines how they must be processed. The resulting active mix network can emulate any other mix format within a single deployment. Our empirical evaluation shows that emulation in OmniSphinx incurs reasonable overhead compared to native execution for typical mix network use cases: For Sphinx, the most compact format, computation time increases by around 90 μs, while headers increase by 33% in size.