Classification of stability failure modes of sandwich panels under compression loading: global and local buckling, crippling at support line

Traditionally, sandwich panels are designed as unidirectional spanning flexural members, transferring the load to a skeletal substructure. As a recent development, sandwich panels are used without substructure. In this application the panels have to transfer normal forces in addition to transverse loads. The paper introduces a design model for axial loaded sandwich panels. Additionally, the basic failure modes at the area of load application were illustrated and a mechanical model is presented.