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Measurement of the background in the CMS muon detector in ${p}{p}$-collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ $\,\text {Te}\hspace{-.08em}\text {V}$

CMS Muon Group; Tytgat, M.; Muhammad, A.; De Lentdecker, G.; Jaramillo, J.; Moureaux, L.; Pétré, L.; Yang, Y.; Rendón, C.; Gokbulut, G.; Hong, Y.; Samalan, A.; Alves, G. A.; Marujo da Silva, F.; Alves Coelho, E.; Barroso Ferreira Filho, M.; Da Costa, E. M.; De Jesus Damiao, D.; Ferreira, B. C.; ... mehr

Abstract:

The CMS detector, including its muon system, has been operating at the CERN LHC in increasingly challenging conditions for about 15 years. The muon detector was designed to provide excellent triggering and track reconstruction for muons produced in proton–proton collisons at an instantaneous luminosity () of 1x10$^{34}$cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. During the Run 2 data-taking period (2015–2018), the LHC achieved an instantaneous luminosity of twice its design value, resulting in larger background rates and making the efficient detection of muons more difficult. While some backgrounds result from natural radioactivity, cosmic rays, and interactions of the circulating protons with residual gas in the beam pipe, the dominant source of background hits in the muon system arises from proton–proton interactions themselves. Charged hadrons leaving the calorimeters produce energy deposits in the muon chambers. In addition, high-energy particles interacting in the hadron calorimeter and forward shielding elements generate thermal neutrons, which leak out of the calorimeter and shielding structures, filling the CMS cavern. We describe the method used to measure the background rates in the various muon subsystems.


Verlagsausgabe §
DOI: 10.5445/IR/1000175517
Veröffentlicht am 24.10.2024
Cover der Publikation
Zugehörige Institution(en) am KIT Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik (ETP)
Publikationstyp Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Publikationsdatum 27.09.2024
Sprache Englisch
Identifikator ISSN: 1434-6052
KITopen-ID: 1000175517
Erschienen in The European Physical Journal C
Verlag Springer-Verlag
Band 84
Heft 9
Seiten Art.-Nr.: 955
Nachgewiesen in Scopus
Dimensions
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