Measurement of Vector Boson Production Cross Sections and Muon Calibration with the CMS Experiment

In 2022, the CERN LHC started into Run 3, colliding protons at the unprecedented center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13.6\,\text{TeV}$. This thesis presents a fundamental effort to understand the collisions recorded by the CMS experiment.
Specifically, inclusive cross sections and ratios for vector boson production are measured and found to agree well with theoretical predictions. The measurement is conducted based on a dataset recorded early in Run 3 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $5.01\,\text{fb}^{-1}$.
Furthermore, this thesis contributes to the understanding of muons in the CMS experiment by addressing residual differences in their description between data and simulation.