The Influence of Vehicle Operating Conditions on Tire–Road Particulate Matter Emissions

This work aims to contribute to a better understanding of generation and measurement of tire–road PM. For this purpose, a tire internal drum test bench was enabled to measure tire–road PM in real time. This allowed for identification and quantification of operating, vehicle, road, and environmental influences on PM emissions from tire–road contact. Based on these findings and real driving data, a model was developed that predicts PM emissions for real–world driving.